OSMT (Ontario Society of Medical Technologists) Practice Exam

The primary role of the medulla is to regulate heartbeat and respiration. This part of the brainstem is crucial for autonomic functions, which are processes that are automatic and not under conscious control. The medulla oblongata contains centers that control the rate and strength of heart contractions as well as the rhythm and depth of breathing. This regulation ensures that the body maintains homeostasis and responds appropriately to the demands of physical activity or changes in the environment.

The other options, while related to different brain functions, do not accurately represent the main function of the medulla. Mediation of visual and auditory reflexes is primarily associated with structures in the midbrain, and memory storage is a function linked to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Maintaining equilibrium is mainly managed by the cerebellum and vestibular system. Thus, the focus on autonomic survival functions in the medulla is what makes it the correct answer in this context.